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RESEARCH DISCLAIMER

Presence Risk Index.

Effective 20 July 2026Last updated 20 July 2026Version 1.0
ScopeScoresEconomic

General information only

The Presence Risk Index is a free public research resource. It is not an audit, certification, credit or insurance rating, regulatory finding, individual security assessment, legal advice, investment advice or guarantee of completeness. Users must independently assess decisions and obtain appropriate professional advice.

Evidence and scores

Confidence expresses 4SI’s assessment of the evidence base; it is not probability. Event scores and index positions are versioned editorial indicators, not prevalence estimates, forecasts or proof that 4SI independently forensically verified the underlying event. Coverage differs materially by sector, geography and source availability. Updates may be delayed.

Economic Consequence Range

Documented monetary amounts remain separate from modeled scenarios. Modeled Exposure is not a documented loss, valuation, reserve, damages claim, company-specific forecast or probability interval. Scenario ranges depend on assumptions and may change with evidence or methodology.

Named organizations

An organization may appear because a reliable source documents a specific event. Inclusion is not a judgment that the organization is unsafe, negligent, responsible or likely to experience future loss.